Which type of eye drop is commonly used to dilate the pupil during an eye exam?

The use of mydriatic agents is vital in ophthalmic practice, particularly during eye examinations. Mydriatic agents work by relaxing the iris sphincter muscle, leading to dilation of the pupil. This dilation allows the ophthalmologist or eye care professional to better assess the internal structures of the eye, such as the retina and optic nerve, by providing a wider field of view.

It is essential to understand the role of mydriatic agents in comparison to other types of eye drops. For instance, antihistamines primarily target allergic reactions and do not have any impact on pupil size. Myotic agents, in contrast, are designed to constrict the pupil, which is the opposite effect of what is needed for a thorough examination. Lubricating drops, while helpful for eye comfort and moisture, do not affect pupil dilation at all. Thus, mydriatic agents are the specific type of drops used to achieve pupil dilation for diagnostic purposes in eye exams.