What is the primary risk factor for macular degeneration?

The primary risk factor for macular degeneration is age. This condition, particularly age-related macular degeneration (AMD), is predominantly observed in individuals over 50 years old, and the incidence increases with advancing age. The process that leads to AMD involves changes in the retina and the macula, which can progressively worsen over time, making age the most significant contributor to its development.

While other factors, such as diabetes, hypertension, and family history, can contribute to the risk of developing macular degeneration, they are not as critical as age. For instance, age-related changes in the eye structures and overall health naturally increase the likelihood of conditions like AMD as people grow older. Consequently, understanding this primary risk factor is essential for early detection and preventative strategies, particularly in older populations.