What is the primary risk associated with long-term use of corticosteroid eye drops?

The primary risk associated with long-term use of corticosteroid eye drops is increased intraocular pressure leading to glaucoma. Corticosteroids can induce a condition known as steroid-induced glaucoma, where prolonged exposure to these medications elevates the pressure within the eye. This happens because corticosteroids can affect fluid dynamics in the eye, decreasing the outflow of aqueous humor, which is the fluid that maintains intraocular pressure.

If this elevated pressure is not monitored and managed, it can lead to optic nerve damage and vision loss, characteristic of glaucoma. Regular monitoring of intraocular pressure in patients using corticosteroid eye drops is crucial to prevent these complications.

While conditions like dry eyes, corneal abrasions, and allergic reactions can occur with eye medications, they are not as significant or as common long-term consequences of corticosteroid usage compared to the risk of developing glaucoma. Therefore, understanding the implications of corticosteroid therapy is essential for eye care providers to ensure patient safety and preserve ocular health.