What class of drugs is typically used to treat acute allergic reactions?

Antihistamines are the class of drugs typically used to treat acute allergic reactions because they work by blocking the action of histamine, a substance in the body that is responsible for many of the symptoms associated with allergic reactions, such as itching, swelling, and redness. When an allergic reaction occurs, histamine is released from mast cells and basophils, leading to these symptoms. By using antihistamines, patients can experience relief from these effects quite rapidly, making them the preferred choice for managing acute situations.

Corticosteroids, while effective for longer-term control of inflammation and may be used in more severe allergic reactions, are not the first line of treatment for acute allergic symptoms due to their slower onset of action. Beta-blockers are primarily used for cardiovascular issues and are not indicated for allergic reactions. Prostaglandins are involved in various physiological processes, but they are not used for treating allergies specifically. Therefore, antihistamines stand out as the first-line agents for immediate relief in cases of acute allergy symptoms.