What are the two main types of glaucoma?

The two main types of glaucoma are open-angle and angle-closure glaucoma. Open-angle glaucoma is the more common form, characterized by a gradual increase in intraocular pressure due to a blockage in the drainage canals. This type tends to develop slowly and often goes unnoticed until significant vision loss has occurred.

Angle-closure glaucoma, on the other hand, occurs when the angle between the iris and the cornea closes, causing a rapid increase in intraocular pressure. This type can present with acute symptoms, such as sudden vision loss, headache, nausea, and severe eye pain, requiring immediate medical attention.

The distinction between these two types is crucial because their management and treatment differ significantly. Open-angle glaucoma is typically managed with medications and lifestyle changes, while angle-closure glaucoma may require immediate surgical intervention to prevent permanent vision loss. Understanding these primary classifications aids healthcare professionals in diagnosing and treating patients effectively.